Just a few in the US - and they were all different at that time. They were all intertwined with politics at their time. Quick google search though, not sure how good the sources are:

Railroad: https://digfir-published.macmillanusa.com/roark7e/roark7e_ch18_4.html

Steel, oil, and tobacco: https://19thcentury.us/19th-century-monopolies/

Telco: https://www.promarket.org/2023/02/20/when-considering-breaking-up-big-tech-we-should-look-back-to-att/

Or just recently: take a look at China. How Chinese Big Tech influence on society was crushed and control was taken back by the Communist Party in the past 5 years.

Because it happened in the past as well. And the big tech companies were split, cut down, and destroyed. Big tech was not IT in the past but other “advanced technologies” at their time.

Fortunately, there’ve been successful Monopoly destroying actions in the past. When money power/ capitalists get too much influence political power strikes back.

Lawyer sues tech company

But we asked for the birthday

Lawyer points to law text

Company fined

„A specific technique on how to achieve it“, it usually a process patent. This can be circumvented and erases the protection. If the defined process is A>B>C>D and your process is A>E>C>D, then this does not touch the patent as it’s a different process.

Also I second your comments that patents often block innovation if not used or licensed too expensive, imI would like to share a different perspective on this.

In pharmacy, the research, development and testing of new medication takes years and costs tons of money. If a drug is out of patent, generic drugs made in India for a fraction of the costs in developed countries. Typically the original producer stops the production as they can’t succeed the race down.

If there won’t be patents that protect inventions, there won’t be medical research in developed countries. Antibiotics is one example where the broken incentive for medical industry to invent already became obvious. There are no new antibiotics anymore. Since years.

Imho, it’s not this good/bad thing with patents. It’s rather a „how you use it“

Probably it’s both: the low industry production and the successful switch of power creation towards renewables

https://www.energy-charts.info/charts/energy/chart.htm?c=EU&l=de&interval=year&year=-1&stacking=stacked_grouped

They didn’t expect it that horrible. Same as the German disaster, close by my region, they didn’t expect it. It’s the fcking new reality.

I wish the best for the Spanish people. Hope the next days weather won’t be this hard.

That entire article reads like a mind fuck. Wtf who cares.

Your way back search engine https://wiby.me It even comes a surprise me button